Physics of Flying  Own Publications  Test Stand RL3 Teaching Physics Stroke-Winge Engine  Links Information

Felix Scharstein and Dr. Wolfgang Send
- GbR -

  • Designing and making experimental equipment for research and education in the fields of animal flight  and the physics of flying.
  • Gaining hydraulic power from the kinetic energy in a river with a new concept, the stroke-wing engine .
  • Preparing results in aeronautical sciences and biophysics of animal flight for educational purposes.
  • Thematic consulting for museums and exhibitions.
    More about us

    Recently, Wolfgang Send was among the prize winners of the Berblinger Competition 2006 awarded for the feasibility study of a two-seated airplane
Berblinger 2
     which is powered by flapping wings. The prize, endowed with a total of 25.000 EUR, is the worldwide highest prize furthering new concepts in general aviation.

Picture: Our display model ANIPROP SM1 demonstrates the principle of animal flight along a glide strut up to 0.8 m; suitable for museums and exhibitions. The model is animated by an electric motor (movie 1.1 MB), and is started by pushing a button. The model is shipped fully operational including the power supply.

The internet site http://www.aniprop.de Back to 
German

This page is set out for the convenience of English speaking readers to provide a rough overview of the German site. We apologize for not yet being able to offer more English pages at the moment. 
The German page shows current activities.
  • reports current matters and new developments in our business,
  • recommends scientific and didactic publications (basically on German web sites),
  • wants to be regarded as a source of information covering our field of "moving wings".
    For prices and terms of delivery, please see the German page supplies. We recomment to contact us via e-mail for any questions and further information in English. Felix Scharstein's artistic and technical work:

    scharstein.de Felix Scharstein Geräteentwicklung (the German name of his chief business).
    Wolfgang Send Professional background

"feed back" to aniprop.de - In March 2009, our web site exists eight years.
 Physics of Flying  Own Publications  Test Stand RL3 Teaching Physics Stroke-Winge Engine  Links Information

Our Subject Matter 
(English explanation of the contents)
 
Physics of Flying
    Einführung - An Introduction to the experiments with the test stand ANIRPOP RL3 
    Experimental Lecture - The Content of the Lecture The Physics of Flying
    Lösungen - Solutions for flow problems. A mathematical introduction into L. Prandtls concept of the infinitely thin boundary layer. 
    Short Movies - Demonstrations of basic experiments with the test stand ANIPROP RL3 
    Schwingenflug - Flapping flight: The long standing co-operation with the University of Göttingen (Institute of Zoology) 


    Own Publications 

    Die "Triebwerke" der Vögel - The birds' engines; a basic mathematical model. (1996, 16 p., PDF 0.3 MByte) 
    Publikationen Our Publications on the web. For more information see W. Send's English Homepage 
    Technische Nutzung möglich?  - Flapping Flight: Technical applications possible? DGLR Annual Congress 1999
    Physik des Fliegens Article The Physics of Flying devoted to the funduments of aeronautical sciences 
           Physikalische Blätter 6/2001, 51-58 (Since 2002 named Physik Journal)
           Notice:Due to a technical mistake, until March 20, 2006 a preprint with minor errors was linked.

    Begleitung - Internet forum on the German article The Physics of Flying
    Datenblatt - Data sheets supplementing the article Der Traum vom Fliegen in: Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau 2/2003, 65-73
         Dreaming about Flying - May human beings be able to fly like birds?  The answer: "Basically, yes! - It would be a tough challenge ..." 

    Airplane Flutter - DGLR Annual Congress 2003 
          Theoretical and numerical access with software documented in English for coupled bending and torsional flutter
    Evolution und Luftfahrttechnik - Evolution and Aerospace Technology vdbiol 2004 (16 S., PDF 6.9 MByte) 
           Invited lecture on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the German Biological Society, Bonn 2004 


    Test Stand ANIPROP RL3

    Aufbau, Funktion und Betrieb - Construction, Function and Operation of the ANIPROP RL3 
          The test stand ANIPROP RL3 has been built several times and is available on a commercial basis. See our German page  Supplies.
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    The picture to the right: At the students' laboratory DLR_School_Lab in Göttingen during the  XLAB International Science Camp 2004 - Course "The Physics of Flying". Outmost left F. Scharstein, right W. Send. 


Test stand ANIPROP RL3
Picture: Lieselotte Emme (DLR)

Teaching Physics
    Auftrieb und Wirbeldichte beim Fliegen (Lift and Vorticity in Aeronautics).W. Send, DPG-Congress 2002
     Theses for a new approach teaching the physics of flying with two documents:
    Thesen, Bilder, Experimente - Theses, Pictures, Experiments supplementing the DPG 2002 paper (21 pages, PDF 1.4 MByte) 
    The Paper Lift and Vorticity  ... , DPG paper 2002 (10 pages, PDF 1.9 MByte)
    Auftrieb - ein simples Erklärungsmodell - Lift - A Simple Quantitative Model
        An analytical approach to a rough estimate of the lift in two-dimensional flow

    The Physics of Flying XLAB International Science Camp in Co-operation with the DLR_School_Lab Göttingen

     
    Tragflügelwirbel bei Auftrieb und Abtrieb
          The pair of trailing vortices for positive and negative lift 
          School experiment including the construction of a small wind tunnel
          with up to 6m/s flow speed and a cross section of 0.18 x 0.12 m²
    Spielen und Lernen - Playing and Learning for young people 

    Wie fliegen die Tiere? - How Do Animals Fly? (PDF 1.7 MByte, 18 S., Children's University, University of Göttingen, December 12th, 2004 
    Wie fliegen die Tiere? - How Do Animals Fly? (PowerPoint 6 MByte)
        Subtitle: An artificial bird reveals the mystery of flapping flight.
            The lecture was held two times and was visited by about 950 children in the age of 9 to 12 years.
            Unfortunately, the various short movies in the PowerPoint file are not available due to copyright restrictions. 
            See information for viewing PowerPoint files using the operating system Linux.

    Seminar - Wie fliegen die Tiere? - Seminar - How Do Animals Fly? - First course on July 8th, 2005. Supplementary to the lecture .

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    The Stroke-Wing Engine
    Beschreibung - Description of the project hydro power with the stroke-wing engine
    Vortrag - Lecture held at the DLR Research Center on May 3rd, 2001. Viewgraphs and Pictures
    Bewegung - Kinematics of the stroke-wing engine. Short movies of the laboratory model HFG1

    Model HFG3 - Fulls size model with 1kW nominal power in the city of Augsburg

      Operating period ended June 2006. Shutdown due to the two years temporary permission.


      Einweihung - Opening on June 25th, 2004 - Invitation (passed by!)
      Standort - Location of the test site HFG3 in the city centre of Augsburg marked (JPG 0.3 MByte)
      Bilder vom HFG3  - Pictures (subject to copyright, rights on request) of the assembly on June 23rd, 2004 
      Kurzfilme vom HFG3 - Short movies of the assembly  on June 23rd. Opening ceremony on June 25th
      Anwohner  - Neighbours . A rare view on our first power measurements on June 26th, 2004.

HFG3 operating in stand-alone (isolated) mode
Picture: Friends of the project in Augsburg
     
    Finally a - stupid? - question:
    What does the stroke-wing has to do with animal flight?
    From the physical point of view the both phenomena are the two sides of a coin. The 
    flying animals provide the power for overcoming the drag with the coupled plunging and pitching motion, which produces thrust (like the engines of an airplane).
    The stroke-wing engine uses the kinetic energy in the flowing water, which is already in the fluid. This time, the same coupled pitching and plunging motion extracts the power (energy per time unit) from the flow (the physical mechanism of airplane flutter!).
    The description of the both phenomena is done in one and the same set of equations. The power relations can be shown by the contour plots of the so-called power coefficients. Isn't it fascinating, how physics works?
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More about us

FELIX SCHARSTEIN, born in 1966. Freelance  precision mechanic living in Berlin; technical and creative work for museums and exhibitions. 

WOLFGANG SEND, born in 1944, physicist. PhD in Theoretical Gas Dynamics,  Hamburg 1976. Working in Aerodynamics at the German Aerospace Center (DLR), site Göttingen, at the Institute of Aeroelasticity . Lecturer at the University of Göttingen from 1988 to 2003 (The Aerodynamics of Animal Flight).

TOGETHER  we co-operate since 1992.  We started with building free flying models of artificial birds. The small company ANIPROP GbR was founded in 1995 aiming at own means for doing some research work on flapping wings. The test stand ANIPROP RL3 received some attention through many invitations to experimental lectures on "The Physics of Flying". Several reproductions were built within the recent years. 
The experimental lecture The Physics of Flying was selected by an international jury as one of the two German plenary lectures (named presentations) contributing to the Physics-on-Stage Festival in Geneve, November 2000. We were invited to the "Highlights in Physics 2002" event, organized by the German Physical Society together with several other institutions. In 2003, we held the public lecture "From Birdflight to Jetliners" at the annual aeronautical congress of the  German Aeronautical Society (DGLR), which was devoted to the 100th anniversary of the first powered flight. Since several years we contribute the one-week course "The Physics of Flying" to the XLAB International Science Camp, which is affiliated to the University of Göttingen.


Information
  • Our devices and instruments are registered designs and partially protected by patents. Please, contact us for licensed copies. You may obtain our blueprints with the full information for your own reproduction: our address.
  • Our site refers to other pages on the web. We disclaim any responsibility for their contents.We are not under any obligation to inspect the correctness of foreign information. 
  • The information on our own pages is given to our best knowledge and according to the present state-of-the-art. Nevertheless, our knowledge may be subject to mistakes, and the information may contain misprints. We disclaim any responsibility or obligation for the contents on our pages.
  • We claim the COPYRIGHT for the contents of our web pages, as far as the further distribution on portable electronic media (TAPE, CD, DVD) and as printed matter is concerned. An exception is made for teachers at public schools and at universities, who make use of our pages for educational purposes in their own classes and without commercial intention beyond. Nevertheless, we would be pleased to get to know about that per info@aniprop.de. 
  • We use the fonts Souvenir Lt BT and Arial Rounded bold: anifont.zip
  • Besides the widely accepted Portable Document Format (PDF), we started to offer special formats like Mircrosoft Excel files und PowerPoint files. These files are tagged as follows:
    for PDF files
    for Microsoft PowerPoint files
    for Microsoft Excel files
    Meanwhile, these formats work well with the operating system Linux using the product OpenOffice .
By the way: The name ANIPROP is composed of ANImal PROPulsion.  A couple of years ago it used to be a working title - and now we can't miss it any more!

Problems with our web site? Please, send an e-mail to: webmaster@aniprop.de
Last update: August 12, 2009. Editor of the aniprop.de website and editorial responsibility: Dr. Wolfgang Send

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